Bolezni živčevja (nevrologija)

The combination of pyramidal and extrapyramidal syndromes

Some diseases of the central nervous system are manifested by a combination of pyramidal and extrapyramidal syndromes. These leading clinical syndromes may be accompanied by other manifestations (dementia, ataxia, apraxia, and others), but often this combination of syndromes is the main clinical nucleus of the disease.

Progressive myoclonus-epilepsy

Progressive myoclonus-epilepsy refers to polyethological syndromes. Currently, about 15 nosological forms have been isolated, combined with progressive myoclonus-epilepsy.

Paroxysmal dyskinesias: causes, symptoms, diagnosis

Paroxysmal dyskinesia is a polyetiological disease manifested by attacks of dystonic (as well as choreic, myoclonic and ballistic) movements and pathological postures without loss of consciousness. A unified classification of these attacks has not yet been created.

Pain in the muscles (myalgic syndrome)

The pain in the muscles can be spontaneous, occur during physical exertion, either retarded or at rest. Sometimes the pain is detected only when palpation. During physical exertion, ischemic pain develops (for example, intermittent claudication or angina pectoris); retarded pain is more typical for structural changes in muscles (inflammatory changes in connective tissue).

Compaction

Fasciculations — contractions of one or several motor units (a separate motor neuron and a group of muscle fibers supplied to them) result in a rapid, visible to the eye, contraction of muscle bundles (fasciotic twitches or fasciculations). On EMG, fasciculations look like broad biphasic or multiphase action potentials.